Notes and articles on building software, AI systems and research.https://muntahisafwan.com/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/why-i-built-cloister/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/why-i-built-cloister/Cloister puts WhatsApp, Discord, Gmail and Messenger in one quiet window. Here is why I built it, how it stays small, and what I learned doing it in Rust.Wed, 11 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://muntahisafwan.com/writing/make-your-website-readable-by-ai/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/make-your-website-readable-by-ai/AI assistants now answer questions by reading websites. Here are the practical steps I took so they can read mine, and an honest note on what nobody can promise.Wed, 11 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://muntahisafwan.com/writing/octahive-agents-draft-humans-approve/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/octahive-agents-draft-humans-approve/Octahive is agency software where AI agents do the routine drafting and a person approves anything that leaves. Here is the thinking behind that rule.Wed, 11 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://muntahisafwan.com/writing/tauri-vs-electron/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/tauri-vs-electron/I chose Tauri over Electron for Cloister and ended up with a 5 MB installer. Here is an honest comparison from someone who shipped with one of them.Wed, 11 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://muntahisafwan.com/writing/why-i-rebuilt-my-portfolio-in-astro/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/why-i-rebuilt-my-portfolio-in-astro/My old portfolio ran on Next.js. I rebuilt it in Astro, and on the way took the mobile Lighthouse score from 43 to 81. Here is what was slow and what fixed it.Wed, 11 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://muntahisafwan.com/writing/what-is-graphrag/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/what-is-graphrag/GraphRAG answers questions by walking a knowledge graph instead of only matching text. It is powerful and expensive. Here is how it works and why I am researching ways to shrink the graph.Wed, 11 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://muntahisafwan.com/writing/why-every-ai-answer-needs-a-source/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/why-every-ai-answer-needs-a-source/A confident answer with nothing behind it is a guess. Here is why the first thing I add to an AI assistant is the part that shows where the answer came from.Wed, 11 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://muntahisafwan.com/writing/face-detection-how-it-works/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/face-detection-how-it-works/Face detection finds where the faces are in an image. Here is how the classic Haar cascade method and modern deep learning detectors work, with runnable code and advice on choosing between them.Fri, 08 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://muntahisafwan.com/writing/introduction-to-computer-vision/https://muntahisafwan.com/writing/introduction-to-computer-vision/Computer vision turns pixels into decisions. This is a practical overview of how it works, the ideas behind modern models, and a sensible way to start building.Fri, 08 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT